Azeotropic Extractive and Vacuum Columns

Topic I: Introduction – Define the following terms: conventional distillation thermal degradation and azeotrope. – Identify three types of distillation processes that may be used instead of conventional distillation. – Identify similarities of azeotropic extractive vacuum and conventional distillation columns. Topic II: Azeotropic Columns Part 1 – Describe why azeotropes make conventional distillation impossible. – Define the following terms: minimum boiling point azeotrope and maximum boiling point azeotrope. – Identify the major parts of a typical azeotropic distillation system and describe the basic process of azeotropic distillation. – Describe the basic process of azeotropic distillation in systems that do not use solvents. Topic III: Azeotropic Columns Part 2 – Identify process variables important to the operation of a typical azeotropic distillation system and describe how they can be monitored and controlled. Topic IV: Extractive Columns Part 1 – Compare and contrast the use and behavior of an extractive solvent and an azeotropic solvent. – Identify the major parts of a typical extractive distillation system and describe the basic process of extractive distillation. Topic V: Extractive Columns Part 2 – Identify process variables important to the operation of a typical extractive distillation system and describe how they can be monitored and controlled. Topic VI: Vacuum Columns Part 1 – State advantages of distilling material at a reduced pressure in a vacuum column. – Identify the major parts of a typical vacuum distillation system and describe the basic process of vacuum distillation. Topic VII: Vacuum Columns Part 2 – Identify process variables important to the operation of a typical vacuum distillation system and describe how they can be monitored and controlled. – Identify abnormal conditions that can affect the operation of a vacuum distillation system and describe how these conditions may be dealt with.